Abkhazia's Liberation and International Law
By E. K. Adzhindzhal
http://www.circassianworld.com/Abkhazia_Liberation.html
Abkhazia is Abkhazia, by Stanislav Lakoba
http://www.circassianworld.com/Abkhazia_is_Abkhazia.html
THE REPUBLIC OF ABKHAZIA
Geography
Abkhazia is situated on the Eastern Bank of the Black Sea, bordering to the West with Russia on the Psou River and to the East with Georgia on the Ingur River. On the North the Grand Caucasian Range. It has six main administrative regions: Gagra, Gudauta, Sukhum, Ochamchira, Tquarchal and Gal. The republic contains three National Parks in Pskhu-Gumista, Pitsunda-Mussera and Ritsa. Furthermore the country is rich in fresh water resources with many lakes and rivers. The climate is subtropical.
People
In the VIII century, the Abkhaz established one of the most influential states of the time - the Abkhaz Kingdom. In the XI century as a result of dynastic marriages, this state fragmented into several minor independent Kingdoms. At this stage until the XIX century, Abkhaz and Georgians coexisted in two separate and independent countries.
In 1810 Abkhazia voluntarily became a protectorate of the Russian Empire. Until 1864 it preserved its statehood and system of self-governance in the form of a sovereign principality. As a result of the Russian-Circassian War in the middle of the XIX Century many Abkhaz like Adyghe, Shapsugh, Ubykh, Abaza and other indigenous nations had to flee to the Ottoman Empire. This period of deportation is called "Makhajyr". Approximately more than 250.000 Abkhaz were deported from Abkhazia to Turkey. Being demographically misbalanced Abkhazia had become a favourable territory for migration of other nations like Georgians to Abkhazia. After the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917, Georgia and Abkhazia took a way of creating two independent states, but in May 1918 the new Georgian Democratic Republic occupied and annexed Abkhazia.
Prior to this occupation the Abkhaz National Council had been formed, actively developing regional state institutions in the Northern Caucasus and Southern Russia (Circassia). As a result of these processes, Abkhazia joined the Union of Mountainous Peoples of the North Caucasus, and then the Mountain Republic and the southeastern Union of Cossack Forces, Caucasian Mountain Peoples and Free Peoples of the Steppe. Hence, following the annexation of Abkhazia by Georgia, the leadership of the Mountain Republic issued a formal protest to the authorities of the Georgian Republic and Germany, whose troops had participated in the operation. Abkhazia led its liberation war against Georgia from 1918 till 1921.
On the 4th of March 1921, the Georgian authorities in Abkhazia were overthrown by Abkhaz rebels; 'Kiaraz' movement. An independent Soviet Socialist Republic of Abkhazia was proclaimed on the 31st of March 1921. On the 21st of May 1921, the Revolutionary Committee of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic recognised the independence of Abkhazia.
In December 1921 the Abkhaz SSR, under pressure from Stalin was forced into a Union Treaty with the Georgian SSR, which created the basis for state-legal relations between Abkhazia and Georgia. According to this treaty, the SSR of Georgia and the SSR of Abkhazia entered into a military, political and economic alliance. State-legal relations between Georgia and Abkhazia were based on the treaty, which provided equal rights. Following this the Abkhaz SSR took part in the establishment of the USSR.
Read more: http://www.circassianworld.com/Abkhazia.html
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Abkhazia
http://www.mfaabkhazia.org
Abkhaz Web Portal
http://www.abkhaz.org
Deutsche Abchasienhilfe e. V. - International Abkhazia Fond
http://www.abchasienhilfe.com
Abkhazia - Land of the Seven Stars
http://www.kapba.de
The Abkhazia Stories - Beth Wald Photography
http://bethwaldphotography.com
Adyghe-Abkhaz History & Culture - Circassian World
http://www.circassianworld.com
The Georgian-Abkhazian Conflict
http://www.circassianworld.com/Georgian_Abkhazian_Conflict.h
tml
Post-war Developments in the Georgian-Abkhazian Dispute
http://www.circassianworld.com/postwar.html
Andersen vs Hewitt - Abkhazian Conflict: Nine Questions and answers
http://www.circassianworld.com/Andersen_Hewitt.html
The Georgian - Abkhaz Conflict: Past, Present, Future
http://www.circassianworld.com/Georgian-Abkhaz_Conflict.html
Election Opinion Survey Results-December 19, 2008
AISER
Abkhazia Institute for Social and Economic Research
Irakli Gagua,
Ramaz Mitaishvili,
Ushangi Rezhinashvili
http://www.abkhazia.com
http://www.abkhazeti.com
http://www.streampress.com
http://abkhazeti.ru
http://www.rmgh.net
Russian President Dmitry Medvedev has declared that Russia will recognise the independence of Georgia's breakaway republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. He made the announcement in Sochi following a unanimous vote for the republics' independence by both houses of the Russian Parliament in Moscow on Monday.
The situation is escalating in Georgia's second breakaway republic - Abkhazia. Its troops are on the move towards the security zone in the Gali region close to the border with Georgia. Meanwhile they are continuing a military operation to dislodge Georgian forces in the upper Kodori Gorge in northern Abkhazia.
Win your Search trip with Rip Curl and Sprite!
Are you an adventurous, thrill-seeking recreational surfer or snowboarder? Rip Curl and Sprite are offering YOU the unique opportunity to participate in an unbelievable expedition!
For the first time ever, Rip Curl has created a unique promotion that will invite 4 amateur riders to travel with Rip Curl's Pro Surf and Snow Teams on 2 exclusive, secret Search Trips.
A Snow Trip to a powder paradise 17 February -- 2 March 2008
Guided by a passion and desire for discover, four snowboarders from the Rip Curl Pro Team will set out in Search of undiscovered powder and unmatched adventure: Abkhazia.
A self-proclaimed Republic of 8,600km2, bordered to the north by Russia and to the south by Georgia, Abkhazia is split in two by the immense Caucasus mountain range and lies open to the Black Sea. The contrast between lagoons, palm-trees, huge beaches and snow-covered slopes offers up many unexpected opportunities...
Go to RIPCURL.TV to create your profile and explain your motivation...
The winner will buddy up with the team riders Darius Heristchian, Rémi Lamazouère, Per Løken and newcomer Nils Arvidsson, and these four riders will also be the jury that will pick the candidates.
You will be part of the team, and heliboarding, backcountry kickers, photos and filming sessions will be the main activities.
You want to be part of it? The selection consists of two stages:
- Firstly upload photos and videos of yourself to ripcurl.tv, riding, partying with your friends, taking your dog for a walk... The latter two might not help you get on the trip, come to think of it.
Then you cross your fingers and hope the pros watch and like your video and select you up for the second part, which is...
- The 5 best riders selected by the jury will be invited to take part in the Crans Montana Champs presented by Rip Curl, from the 4th until the 8th of February 2008. The best 2 riders from this slopestyle contest will fly the following week to Abkhazia with the team riders.
http://www.ripcurl.tv/en/#/events
Rip Curl Abkhazia Finalists
http://www.ripcurl.tv/en/#/search/finalists
Abkhazia trip finalists battle it down at ChampsOpen!
http://snowbroader.eu/2008/02/05/abkhazia-trip-finalists-bat
tle-it-down-at-champsopen/
http://www.ripcurl.com/content/templates/news_int.aspx?artic
leid=1303&zoneid=4
http://onboardsnowboarding.com/news/category/european_news/a
bkhazia/
Republic of Abkhazia
http://www.circassianworld.com/Abkhazia.html
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Abkhazia
http://www.mfaabkhazia.org
Rip Curl Abkhazia - Circassian World
http://www.circassianworld.com/News/RipCurl_Abkhazia.html
Georgia's breakaway republic of Abkhazia has sent an appeal to Russia to recognise its independence.
The decision, approved by Parliament, the day before, was supported at a huge rally by up to fifty five thousand people in the province's capital Sukhumi.
Earlier the chairman of the Russian Federation Council said Moscow is prepared to recognize both Abkhazian and South Ossetian independence, if the people express such will.
Filmed just hours before the outbreak of war between Russia and Georgia, this report provides a rare look inside one of the two breakaway regions at the center of the conflict
Infectious Diseases in Abkhazia Pose Threat to Regional and Global Health
Separatist government policies in Abkhazia (that restrict public health and humanitarian aid have created an environment where AIDS, drug-resistant tuberculosis, malaria and bird flu (H5N1) are spreading unchecked
Ramaz Mitaishvili, MD
Irakli Gagua
Ushangi Rezhinashvili, PhD
http://www.abkhazia.com
http://www.rmgh.net
